This question is related to adaptation and maladjustment. Maladjustment is an acute feeling of loneliness caused by alienation, misunderstanding, undesirability and the perception of the environment as unpleasant and sometimes even hostile. Maladjustment can lead to various problems, causing a gap between a person and the world around him and loneliness. A person’s adaptation or maladjustment depends on the socio-psychological structure of the individual, which includes the following main components: 1) Social roles of the individual. Problems can arise in the chain: role expectation, understanding roles mastering the role fulfilling the role. the emergence of conflicts between roles and within roles; loss of a significant role (divorce, loss of loved ones, dismissal, etc.); conflict between role and self-esteem. A person cannot express himself in the proposed roles; he feels that he is not doing his own thing. The role becomes a source of alienation. If this component of the personality ceases to function normally (dysfunction), the person cannot cope with roles or the roles contradict his self-esteem and personality orientation, then risks of alienation from society and self-alienation arise. 2) Self-concept of the individual. Stable Self-concept , as well as acceptance of one’s own personality, are important factors in psychological stability and the absence of feelings of loneliness. The risks of acute feelings of alienation and loneliness are associated with this component of the personality structure: identity crisis. These are intense changes in self-awareness or self-concept. An identity crisis can arise at any stage of life after dramatic events, when a person has to look for new answers to the question “who am I?” deformation of self-esteem. Low self-esteem interferes with the establishment of normal relationships with others and leads to internal self-alienation. Low self-esteem is the source of many socio-psychological problems of the individual, activating the risks of self-alienation and feelings of loneliness. 3) Personal orientation (life plans, inclinations, social attitudes). The presence of a realistic and appropriate life program based on constructive social attitudes is an important factor socially. - psychological stability of the individual. Dysfunctions in any of these components of the personality structure can lead to feelings of loneliness of varying degrees of duration and intensity. However, the realization of these risks and the severity of the problem of loneliness depend on the overall stability of the personality structure. If dysfunction in one component is not accompanied by dysfunction in other components, it may not cause serious problems. For example, when a person faces divorce or loss of work (which can be compared to the destruction roles), it is like a strong earthquake that shakes his self-esteem and leaves him in a state of confusion, as if lost in an unfamiliar area. As a result, the structure of his personality begins to loosen, like walls falling apart, causing chaos in his relationships with the outside world and himself. In such a situation, maladjustment and a feeling of deep loneliness become inevitable and prohibitively intense..